Hungary votes on EU refugee quotas referendum
Sunday October 2, 2016
Right-wing government opposes EU resettlement plan, but rights groups accuse PM Orban of stoking fears and xenophobia.
The right-wing government of Prime Minister Viktor Orban has fiercely opposed the EU plan, which seeks to share 160,000 asylum seekers around the 28-member bloc via mandatory quotas. Hungary has not accepted a single person allocated under the scheme.
In the run-up to the vote, opinion polls showed vast support for a rejection of the EU proposal among those who said they would vote. They also suggested, however, that turnout might not necessarily top the 50 percent required for the poll to be valid.
In an opinion piece published on Saturday, Orban said Hungarians had "a duty" to help his government fight the failed "liberal methods" of the "Brussels elite".
"Mass migration without control means a real threat. It endangers the peaceful and safe European way of life," he wrote in the Magyar Idok newspaper.
Voting begins at 04:00 GMT and closes at 17:00 GMT. Preliminary results are expected after 18:00 GMT.
The question put to Hungarians is: "Do you want the European Union to be able to mandate the obligatory resettlement of non-Hungarian citizens into Hungary even without the approval of the National Assembly?"
Xenophobia boost
The
deal in question, spearheaded by Germany and approved by most EU
countries last year, is aimed at easing pressure on Greece and Italy,
the main refugee entry points into the bloc for hundreds of thousands of
refugees mostly fleeing war in Syria.
But some eastern and
central European nations have vehemently opposed to the plan, with
Hungary joining Slovakia in filing a legal challenge against it.
About
400,000 migrants and refugees passed through Hungary in 2015 before the
government sealed off the southern borders with razor wire and fences
in the autumn.
The announcement of the referendum in July by
Orban's government has been followed by an increase in xenophobic
feelings, according to polls.
In the run-up to the vote, the
government led a huge media offensive urging the eight-million-strong
electorate to reject the EU plan, drawing a direct link between
migration and attacks in EU countries.
A survey conducted in
August by the Publicus Institute for the Vasarnapi Hirek newspaper found
35 percent of the 1,000 people asked said it was obligatory to help
refugees, down from 64 percent in September 2015.
On
Friday, opposition parties and rights groups demonstrated in the
capital Budapest against the referendum, criticising the government for
stoking fears and xenophobia.
Earlier this week, Amnesty
International also accused Hungary's government of mistreating refugees
and migrants on the Serbian border.
Asylum-seekers, including
unaccompanied children, are suffering "violent abuse, illegal push-backs
and unlawful detention at the hands of Hungary’s authorities, and a
system blatantly designed to deter them" from crossing into the EU,
Amnesty said in a report on Tuesday.
Muslims in Hungary also said they were wary of the government's referendum.
"I'm
starting to feel that my own homeland is repudiating me," Timea Nagy, a
Hungarian Muslim, told The Associated Press news agency.
Some 5,600 Muslims live in Hungary, according to the 2011 census, the latest available.
"We
could say that this [referendum] campaign is against the migrants but
in reality it is covertly against Islam, that's how people mostly
understood it," Tayseer Saleh, imam of the Darusallam Mosque, told AP.
"We
do not support the migrants coming to Europe," Saleh said. "We support
putting an end to the problems there and I guarantee that 90 percent of
the people will return to their homeland."
'Rule of fear'
Orban
has long had a testy relationship with Brussels, with critics saying
his shake-up of Hungarian institutions from 2010 has undermined
democracy.
However, his stance during Europe's refugee crisis has caused particular anger.
"Prime Minister Orban has replaced the rule of law with the rule of fear," said John Dalhuisen, Amnesty's director for Europe.
"His
attempts to deliberately prevent refugees and migrants from reaching
Hungary have been accompanied by an ever more disturbing pattern of
attacks on them and the international safeguards designed to protect
them."
But Orban's anti-migrant rhetoric has gone down well with
many Hungarians at home, cementing his party's lead over the opposition.
"We
must preserve our Hungarian national character here in the middle of
Europe and all the other European states should also preserve their
national characters," Budapest resident Judit Hegyi told Reuters news
agency in the run-up to the vote.
But others raised their voice against government propaganda, which they say vilifies refugees and incites hatred.
"We came here so that we would be less ashamed of ourselves on Sunday night," teacher Zsuzsa Berkesi told Reuters.
"I expect the worse: that it will be valid, with more than 50 percent of people voting, and this makes me sick."
Hungary votes on EU refugee quotas referendum
Hungarians on Sunday began voting on a referendum over European Union plans to relocate refugees and migrants among member states.